This course is for Geography student of class UG 1st sem
Course Title: Physical Geography
Semester: 1st
Level: Undergraduate (UG)
Total marks: 60
Objective: To introduce students to the basic concepts, processes, and applications of physical geography.
Unit 1: Introduction to Physical Geography
- Definition, nature, and scope of physical geography
- Relationship with other Earth sciences
- Historical development of physical geography
- Branches: Geomorphology, Climatology, Oceanography, Biogeography
Unit 2: Geomorphology
- Interior of the Earth and its composition
- Plate tectonics and continental drift
- Types of rocks: Igneous, Sedimentary, Metamorphic
- Weathering: Mechanical, Chemical, Biological
- Landform development: Fluvial, Aeolian, Glacial, Coastal
- Theories of erosion: Davis and Penck
Unit 3: Climatology
- Structure and composition of the atmosphere
- Insolation and heat budget
- Atmospheric pressure and wind systems
- Air masses and fronts
- Cyclones and anticyclones
- Climatic classification (Köppen)
Unit 4: Oceanography
- Hydrological cycle
- Ocean floor relief features
- Ocean currents, tides, and waves
- Temperature and salinity distribution
- Coral reefs and marine resources
📚 Suggested Readings
- Principles of Physical Geography – Das Gupta & Kapoor
- Physical Geography – D.R. Khullar
- Geosystems: An Introduction to Physical Geography – Christopherson & Birkeland
- General Climatology – H.J. Critchfield
- Invitation to Oceanography – Pinet
- Teacher: Dr. Dipali Baruah